A kidney biopsy is a medical procedure that involves removing a small sample of kidney tissue for examination under a microscope. This procedure is commonly used to diagnose various kidney conditions, including chronic kidney disease, lupus nephritis, and polycystic kidney disease.

A naive kidney biopsy refers to a biopsy of a kidney that has not undergone a previous transplant. In this procedure, a small incision is made in the skin and a needle is inserted through the back and into the kidney. A small sample of kidney tissue is then removed and examined under a microscope.

A transplant kidney biopsy is similar to a naive kidney biopsy, but it is performed on a kidney that has been transplanted from a donor into a recipient. This procedure is typically performed to monitor the health of the transplanted kidney and diagnose any potential complications, such as rejection or infection.

Both naive and transplant kidney biopsies are typically performed under local anesthesia and may require a short hospital stay for observation. Risks associated with the procedure can include bleeding, infection, and damage to surrounding organs or tissues. It's important to discuss the risks and benefits of a kidney biopsy with a healthcare provider before undergoing the procedure.